Introduce Managers for readers

Some helper classes were more managers than helpers...

src/Spout/Reader/XLSX/Manager/SharedStringsCaching/CachingStrategyFactory.php

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Box\Spout\Reader\XLSX\Manager\SharedStringsCaching;
+
+use Box\Spout\Reader\XLSX\Creator\HelperFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Class CachingStrategyFactory
+ *
+ * @package Box\Spout\Reader\XLSX\Manager\SharedStringsCaching
+ */
+class CachingStrategyFactory
+{
+    /**
+     * The memory amount needed to store a string was obtained empirically from this data:
+     *
+     *        ------------------------------------
+     *        | Number of chars⁺ | Memory needed |
+     *        ------------------------------------
+     *        |           3,000  |         1 MB  |
+     *        |          15,000  |         2 MB  |
+     *        |          30,000  |         5 MB  |
+     *        |          75,000  |        11 MB  |
+     *        |         150,000  |        21 MB  |
+     *        |         300,000  |        43 MB  |
+     *        |         750,000  |       105 MB  |
+     *        |       1,500,000  |       210 MB  |
+     *        |       2,250,000  |       315 MB  |
+     *        |       3,000,000  |       420 MB  |
+     *        |       4,500,000  |       630 MB  |
+     *        ------------------------------------
+     *
+     *        ⁺ All characters were 1 byte long
+     *
+     * This gives a linear graph where each 1-byte character requires about 150 bytes to be stored.
+     * Given that some characters can take up to 4 bytes, we need 600 bytes per character to be safe.
+     * Also, there is on average about 20 characters per cell (this is entirely empirical data...).
+     *
+     * This means that in order to store one shared string in memory, the memory amount needed is:
+     *   => 20 * 600 ≈ 12KB
+     */
+    const AMOUNT_MEMORY_NEEDED_PER_STRING_IN_KB = 12;
+
+    /**
+     * To avoid running out of memory when extracting a huge number of shared strings, they can be saved to temporary files
+     * instead of in memory. Then, when accessing a string, the corresponding file contents will be loaded in memory
+     * and the string will be quickly retrieved.
+     * The performance bottleneck is not when creating these temporary files, but rather when loading their content.
+     * Because the contents of the last loaded file stays in memory until another file needs to be loaded, it works
+     * best when the indexes of the shared strings are sorted in the sheet data.
+     * 10,000 was chosen because it creates small files that are fast to be loaded in memory.
+     */
+    const MAX_NUM_STRINGS_PER_TEMP_FILE = 10000;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the best caching strategy, given the number of unique shared strings
+     * and the amount of memory available.
+     *
+     * @param int|null $sharedStringsUniqueCount Number of unique shared strings (NULL if unknown)
+     * @param string $tempFolder Temporary folder where the temporary files to store shared strings will be stored
+     * @param HelperFactory $helperFactory Factory to create helpers
+     * @return CachingStrategyInterface The best caching strategy
+     */
+    public function createBestCachingStrategy($sharedStringsUniqueCount, $tempFolder, $helperFactory)
+    {
+        if ($this->isInMemoryStrategyUsageSafe($sharedStringsUniqueCount)) {
+            return new InMemoryStrategy($sharedStringsUniqueCount);
+        } else {
+            return new FileBasedStrategy($tempFolder, self::MAX_NUM_STRINGS_PER_TEMP_FILE, $helperFactory);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether it is safe to use in-memory caching, given the number of unique shared strings
+     * and the amount of memory available.
+     *
+     * @param int|null $sharedStringsUniqueCount Number of unique shared strings (NULL if unknown)
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    protected function isInMemoryStrategyUsageSafe($sharedStringsUniqueCount)
+    {
+        // if the number of shared strings in unknown, do not use "in memory" strategy
+        if ($sharedStringsUniqueCount === null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $memoryAvailable = $this->getMemoryLimitInKB();
+
+        if ($memoryAvailable === -1) {
+            // if cannot get memory limit or if memory limit set as unlimited, don't trust and play safe
+            return ($sharedStringsUniqueCount < self::MAX_NUM_STRINGS_PER_TEMP_FILE);
+        } else {
+            $memoryNeeded = $sharedStringsUniqueCount * self::AMOUNT_MEMORY_NEEDED_PER_STRING_IN_KB;
+            return ($memoryAvailable > $memoryNeeded);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the PHP "memory_limit" in Kilobytes
+     *
+     * @return float
+     */
+    protected function getMemoryLimitInKB()
+    {
+        $memoryLimitFormatted = $this->getMemoryLimitFromIni();
+        $memoryLimitFormatted = strtolower(trim($memoryLimitFormatted));
+
+        // No memory limit
+        if ($memoryLimitFormatted === '-1') {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        if (preg_match('/(\d+)([bkmgt])b?/', $memoryLimitFormatted, $matches)) {
+            $amount = intval($matches[1]);
+            $unit = $matches[2];
+
+            switch ($unit) {
+                case 'b': return ($amount / 1024);
+                case 'k': return $amount;
+                case 'm': return ($amount * 1024);
+                case 'g': return ($amount * 1024 * 1024);
+                case 't': return ($amount * 1024 * 1024 * 1024);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the formatted "memory_limit" value
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    protected function getMemoryLimitFromIni()
+    {
+        return ini_get('memory_limit');
+    }
+}